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2015 Annual Report of SCI

Greetings from Dr. Zhizhuang Zhao, Dr. Delong Liu and the editorial office of SCI.

Here we are glad to present the 2015 Annual Report of SCI. In 2015, SCI has made many progress and published many excellent articles. More information is shown in the Annual Report.

We give our sincere thanks to all our editorial board members, reviewers, authors and readers. We wish you a happy, healthy and prosperous 2016!

Another milestone: Stem Cell Investigation is indexed in PubMed/PMC

On April 25, 2016, an expected and exciting news from the PubMed Central was emailed to the Editorial Office: the Stem Cell Investigation (SCI) has passed all the evaluation required by PubMed Centre (PMC) and is officially accepted for inclusion in PubMed/PMC - an extensive and important biomedical online journal repository! Successful coverage in the prestigious PubMed database not only means the recognition of SCI by international peers, but, more importantly, is one more milestone for SCI to move towards the master publication list of SCI-indexed journals.

Extensive cholelithiasis over 10 years in a patient with lymphoma

A CT scan without contrast of the abdomen in January 2015 revealed cholelithiasis but no biliary dilation or gallbladder wall edema (arrows in panel A, horizontal view; and panel B, coronal view). There was no significant abnormality in her liver function tests. A prior CT scan with contrast of the abdomen done in September 2004 also showed cholelithiasis with no biliary dilation (arrow in panel C). Even though the gall bladder was filled with stones over the past 10 years, the patient remained asymptomatic and needed no intervention for the extensive cholelithiasis. This case shows the natural history of extensive incidental cholelithiasis over at least 10 years.

Mesenchymal stem cells as delivery vectors for anti-tumor therapy

Anticancer agents utilized to genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)

Hemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosis: macrophages engulfing red cells and neutrophils

A bone marrow examination was undertaken to rule out hemophagocyticlymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Bone marrow was mildly hypercellular. There were many areas in the bone marrow with appearance of clusters of RBCs mimicking foci of fresh hemorrhage (arrows in panel A, H&E staining). Bone marrow flow cytometry was unremarkable. Immunohistochemical staining for CD163 (hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor) was done to evaluate the possibility of HLH. This stain highlighted many CD163+ macrophages (arrows in panel B) engulfing hematopoietic cells (mostly red cells and occasional neutrophils), in the bone marrow, which were mimicking as foci of hemorrhage with H&E staining.

Cancer stem cells: progress and challenges in lung cancer

Origin of lung cancer stem cells. CSCs share many properties of tissue specific stem cells, including phenotype, self-renewal capacity, and multipotency. ESC or iPS cells have self-renewal ability and are programmed towards functioning as NTSC. Response to intrinsic or microenvironmental signaling cues may result in CSC development from PC, mature differentiated cells, cancer cells by phenotypic conversion, and NTSC by transformation. The dedifferentiation process is orchestrated by EMT and/or induction or derepression of reprogramming processes. ESC, embryonic stem cell; iPS, induced pluripotent stem cells; NTSC, normal tissue-specific stem cells; PC, progenitor cells.

Reactive oxygen species in eradicating acute myeloid leukemic stem cells

Therapeutic strategies for targeting leukemia stem cells in AML. AML, acute myeloid leukemia; ROS, reactive oxygen species; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; FLT3, fms-like tyrosine kinase-3.

Cutaneous metastasis as an initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma with KRASmutation: a case report and literature review

Whole body PET/CT showing multiple foci of lymphadenopathy in bilateral deep cervical, axillary, supraclavicular, occipital, hilar, paraaotic lymph nodes. The intense uptake of the radiotracer fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose was present within the enlarged lymph nodes and as in the left chest wall skin mass (circles).

Cutaneous metastasis as an initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma with KRASmutation: a case report and literature review

Cutaneous metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. (A) Sharply demarcated, dark red, cauliflower-like skin mass on the left chest wall accompanied by sanguineous exudation; (B) Skin mass biopsy from the left chest wall shows poor differentiated, metastatic adenocarcinoma (H&E, original magnification ×600); (C) Strong nuclear immunostain for TTF-1 was positive (original magnification ×150); (D) Strong membranous immunostain for CK7 was positive (original magnification ×150). TTF-1, thyroid transcription factor 1; CK7, cytokeratin 7.

Regulation of cancer stem cells by RING finger ubiquitin ligases

The structures and functions of RING finger ubiquitin E3 ligases. RING domain containing E3 ligases are multi-subunit complexes or single-subunit large proteins. The multi-subunit complex binds the E2 enzyme through a RING finger protein, and interacts with substrates via a separate receptor protein. The single-subunit E3 ligase contains RING domain and SRM, and is able to bind E2 enzyme and substrate at the same time…

Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) splice variant modulates senescence via hTERT in adipose-derived stem cells

TRAPeze assay: estimation of processivity for telomerase length. Assay was performed with subcutaneous lean (L) or obese (O) adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) using either 5 or 3 µg of starting cell extract. Samples were heat inactivated as indicated for controls…

Protein kinase C delta (PKCδ) splice variant modulates senescence via hTERT in adipose-derived stem cells

PKCδVIII over-expression and senescence. (A) Lean ADSC and obese ADSC or (B) Subcutaneous lean ADSC or lean ADSC over-expressing PKCδVIII were stained for β-galactosidase to detect senescence…

Join us in The 56th American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting in San Francisco, USA

The 56th American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) Annual Meeting (ASTRO 2014) will take place at the Moscone Center, San Francisco, CA, USA from September 14th to 17th, 2014. This year’s meeting will highlight science that showcases how technology and biology advance the field and improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The editorial team will join the meeting with our dear authors, editorial board members and readers. Our booth stands at No. 206 in the Publisher’s Pavilion. You are warmly welcome to join us.

Interleukin 8/KC enhances G-CSF induced hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization in Fancg deficient mice

KC levels in CM affects HSPC migration. (A) The migration of WT HSPCs in response to WT MSPC CM was inhibited by the addition of anti-KC antibodies (20 µg/mL). Data are shown as mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments; (B) following addition of KC to Fancg–/– MSPC CM, the migration rate of both WT and Fancg–/– HSPCs were significantly increased compared to either CM or KC alone. Data represent three independent experiments. The lines and P values indicate significant differences between these groups (as analyzed by student t test and one-way ANOVA). CM, conditioned media; HSPC, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell; MSPCs, mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells.

Reverse transcriptase and intron number evolution

Phylogenetic tree and EPG of conserved genes. The average EPG from genes conserved in all species are labeled next to each abbreviated species name . Bootstrap values are 100% for all but the two shortest branches whose values are shown in boxes. The major taxonomic units are labeled.

Multiple myeloma with leptomeningeal involvement and positive CSF

A 50-year-old female with multiple myeloma was initially treated with lenalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone. She had progression of disease after three cycles.

Regulatory factors of induced pluripotency: current status

Jmjd3 functions as a roadblock to somatic cellular reprogramming. Jmjd3 upregulated Ink4a/Arf by modulating H3K27 methylation through its demethylase activity. Increased amounts of Ink4a and Arf induced cell senescence and reduced cell proliferation, thus decreasing the efficiency and kinetics of reprogramming; Jmjd3 also targeted PHF20 for ubiquitination and degradation by recruiting an E3 ligase, Trim26, in an H3K27 demethylase activity-independent manner. The resultant decrease in PHF20 protein led to the loss of endogenous Oct4, thereby greatly reducing reprogramming efficiency.

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